Canada Research

CCAC Guidelines on the Care and Use of Fish in Research, Teaching and Testing

The CCAC Guidelines on the Care and Use of Fish establish Canadian standards for humane care of fish in research. These guidelines cover monitoring of critical parameters including dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, ammonia, nitrites, salinity, and total gas pressure. ATEK solutions help institutions maintain optimal conditions for fish welfare and regulatory compliance.

Authority: Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC)

Why Choose ATEK for CCAC Fish Guidelines Compliance

Complete CCAC Compliance

All mandatory parameters covered: DO, temperature, pH, ammonia, nitrites, salinity, and recommended TGP.

Standard 4-20mA Output

Universal integration with any control system. Compatible with existing PLCs and SCADA systems.

ISO 17025 Accredited Calibration

Canadian accredited laboratory for sensor calibration. Complete traceability for audits.

Local Bilingual Support

Canadian team available in French and English for installation, training, and technical support.

CCAC Fish Guidelines Requirements

Key compliance requirements and how ATEK addresses each one.

Requirement Description ATEK Solution
G36
Temperature Control
Fish should not be subjected to rapid temperature changes. Maintain thermal stability suited to the species to avoid stress and health issues.
High-Precision Temperature Probes
PT100/PT1000 probes or thermistors with 4-20mA output, ±0.1°C accuracy. Rate-of-change alerts to prevent thermal stress.
G37
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Levels
Fish must be kept in water with adequate oxygen concentration. Levels should be above 5 mg/L for most species, ideally above 6 mg/L.
Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring
Optical DO probes with 4-20mA output. Fast response time, stable calibration, minimal maintenance. Configurable alerts by species.
G39
pH Control
pH must be maintained within 6.5-8.5 for most species. pH directly influences ammonia toxicity - a one-unit increase multiplies NH₃ toxicity by 10.
Continuous pH Monitoring
pH probes with sealed reference electrode, 4-20mA output, simplified calibration. Automatic correlation with ammonia levels.
G40
Nitrogen Compounds (Ammonia and Nitrites)
Ammonia (NH₃) must be kept below 0.02 mg/L and nitrites (NO₂) below 0.1 mg/L. These toxic metabolites can cause poisoning and mortality with prolonged exposure.
Nitrogen Compound Monitoring
Amperometric or colorimetric inline probes for NH₃ and NO₂. Continuous monitoring with configurable alarms at critical thresholds.
G41
Salinity (marine species)
For marine or euryhaline species, salinity must be maintained stable. Sudden changes cause stress and physiological dysfunction related to osmoregulation.
Conductivity/Salinity Probes
Conductivity probes with automatic salinity conversion, 4-20mA output. Ideal for marine and brackish environments.
S3.4
Total Gas Pressure (TGP)
TGP monitoring is strongly recommended. Supersaturation (above 103%) causes gas bubble disease (GBD), particularly dangerous for fry.
TGP Sensors
Total gas pressure sensors with 4-20mA output. Detection of supersaturation before gas bubble disease symptoms appear.
G31
Environmental Monitoring System
An environmental monitoring system is essential for aquatic facilities and should be designed to suit the water management system.
Multi-Parameter Platform
ATEK's platform monitors all critical parameters simultaneously, designed for the complexity of aquatic research facilities.
G32
Early Detection of Changes
Monitoring systems should be able to detect and react to changes before they become life-threatening to animals.
Early Warning Alert System
Configurable thresholds detect changes before they become critical, with immediate multi-channel notifications.
G33
Predictive Management
Parameters should be monitored at a frequency allowing predictive rather than reactive crisis management.
Continuous Data Logging
Real-time monitoring enabling predictive management through trend analysis and pattern recognition.
G34
Calibration and Records
Good quality measuring equipment should be available, regularly calibrated and well maintained. Records should be retrievable for retrospective analysis.
Certified Calibration Tracking
ISO 17025 accredited calibration laboratory. Complete audit trail with retrievable records for compliance audits.
G17
Emergency Contingency
All aquatic facilities should have emergency contingency capacity capable of maintaining life support during failures.
Battery Backup and Redundancy
Transmitters continue monitoring during power outages, alerting staff to emergency conditions.
G30
24/7 Staff Availability
Sufficient numbers of staff must be available for animal care 365 days a year for both routine and emergency needs.
24/7 Alert Escalation
Multi-tier alert escalation ensures the right personnel are notified at any time, day or night.

CCAC-Compliant Water Quality Monitoring

The Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC) establishes animal welfare standards for research in Canada. Our monitoring solutions meet all requirements of the CCAC Fish Guidelines.

Foundational Principles

The guidelines are built on several principles:

  • Animal Welfare: Fish are recognized as sentient animals deserving appropriate care
  • The Three Rs: Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement guide all research
  • Environmental Control: Water quality is the most important factor for welfare
  • Predictive Management: Monitoring should prevent problems, not just react to crises

Mandatory CCAC Parameters

CCAC requires continuous monitoring of these critical parameters:

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) - Guideline #37

Why it’s mandatory: Oxygen is essential for immediate fish survival. A drop in DO causes suffocation and mortality within minutes.

LevelStatus
> 6 mg/LOptimal
5-6 mg/LAcceptable
< 5 mg/LCritical - intervention required

Our solution: Optical DO probes with 4-20mA output. Fast response time, stable calibration, minimal maintenance.


Temperature - Guideline #36

Why it’s mandatory: Temperature directly influences metabolism, feeding, growth, and disease susceptibility. Rapid fluctuations cause significant stress.

CCAC requirement: Maintain thermal stability suited to the species. Avoid sudden variations that affect animal welfare.

SpeciesOptimal Range
Salmonids (trout, salmon)10-15°C
Zebrafish26-28°C
Tilapia25-30°C

Our solution: PT100/PT1000 probes or thermistors with 4-20mA output. ±0.1°C accuracy, fast response.


pH - Guideline #39

Why it’s mandatory: pH directly influences ammonia toxicity. A one-unit increase in pH multiplies NH₃ toxicity by 10. pH also affects respiration and fish stress.

LevelStatus
6.5 - 8.5Acceptable range
7.0 - 8.0Optimal for most species
< 6.0 or > 9.0Danger

Critical interactions:

  • High pH → More toxic ammonia
  • Low pH → More problematic CO₂
  • Rapid fluctuations → Stress

Our solution: pH probes with sealed reference electrode, 4-20mA output, simplified calibration.


Nitrogen Compounds - Guideline #40

Why it’s mandatory: Ammonia (NH₃) and nitrites (NO₂) are toxic metabolites produced by fish waste. Prolonged exposure causes poisoning and mortality.

Nitrogen cycle: Fish waste → Ammonia (NH₃) → Nitrites (NO₂) → Nitrates (NO₃)

ParameterSafe ThresholdDanger
Ammonia (NH₃)< 0.02 mg/L> 0.05 mg/L
Nitrites (NO₂)< 0.1 mg/L> 0.5 mg/L
Nitrates (NO₃)< 50 mg/L> 100 mg/L

Our solution: Amperometric or colorimetric inline probes, continuous monitoring with configurable alarms.


Salinity - Guideline #41 (if applicable)

Why it’s mandatory: For marine or euryhaline species, salinity affects osmoregulation. Sudden changes cause stress and physiological dysfunction.

EnvironmentSalinity
Fresh water< 0.5 ppt
Brackish water0.5 - 30 ppt
Marine water30 - 35 ppt

Our solution: Conductivity probes with salinity conversion, 4-20mA output.


Total Gas Pressure (TGP) - Section 3.4

CCAC status: Qualified as “valuable” and “important” - strongly recommended for optimal compliance.

Why it’s important: Supersaturation causes gas bubble disease (GBD). Unlike DO, TGP detects ALL gases including nitrogen (78% of total) - invisible to DO probes.

LevelStatus
< 100%Optimal
100-103%Increased surveillance
103-110%Alert - risk for fry
> 110%Critical - EPA/CCME limit

Priority applications:

  • Well or borehole water
  • Hatcheries and fry tanks
  • RAS systems with oxygen injection
  • Research with strict CCAC requirements

Our solution: TGP sensors with 4-20mA output, complete integration with ATEK monitoring system.


CCAC Parameters Overview

ParameterGuidelineStatusCritical ThresholdFrequency
Dissolved Oxygen#37Mandatory< 5 mg/LContinuous
Temperature#36MandatorySpecies-specificContinuous
pH#39Mandatory< 6.5 or > 8.5Continuous
Ammonia (NH₃)#40Mandatory> 0.02 mg/LMin. daily
Nitrites (NO₂)#40Mandatory> 0.1 mg/LMin. daily
Salinity#41If applicableVariableContinuous
TGP§3.4Recommended> 103%Continuous

ATEK Monitoring Packages

PackageSensors IncludedTarget
CCAC EssentialDO + Temperature + pHLimited budget
CCAC CompleteDO + Temp + pH + NH₃/NO₂Standard research
CCAC PremiumAll parameters + TGPOptimal compliance
HatcheryDO + Temperature + TGPSensitive fry
RASAll parametersRecirculating systems

Why Choose ATEK?

  • Complete compliance - All CCAC parameters covered
  • Standard 4-20mA output - Universal integration
  • Continuous monitoring - Alarms before it’s too late
  • Accredited calibration - ISO 17025 laboratory
  • Local support - Bilingual Canadian team

Documentation and Traceability

Meet CCAC record-keeping requirements (Guideline #34) with:

  • Automatic data logging with timestamps
  • Calibration tracking and reminders
  • Exportable reports for audits and inspections
  • Long-term data storage for retrospective analysis

24/7 Emergency Response

Support your coverage requirements (Guidelines #17 and #30) with:

  • Battery backup for monitoring during power outages
  • Immediate alerts to on-call staff
  • Configurable escalation protocols
  • Integration with building management systems

CCAC Fish Guidelines FAQs

Which water quality parameters are mandatory according to CCAC?

Mandatory parameters include dissolved oxygen (Guideline #37), temperature (#36), pH (#39), ammonia and nitrites (#40). Salinity (#41) is mandatory for marine species. Total gas pressure (TGP, Section 3.4) is strongly recommended for optimal compliance.

What are the critical thresholds for dissolved oxygen?

Optimal levels are above 6 mg/L, acceptable between 5-6 mg/L, and critical below 5 mg/L requiring immediate intervention. A drop in DO causes suffocation and mortality within minutes.

Why is pH critical for fish welfare?

pH directly influences ammonia toxicity. A one-unit increase in pH multiplies NH₃ toxicity by 10. The acceptable range is 6.5-8.5, with an optimum of 7.0-8.0 for most species.

What are the thresholds for ammonia and nitrites?

Ammonia (NH₃) should stay below 0.02 mg/L (danger above 0.05 mg/L). Nitrites (NO₂) should stay below 0.1 mg/L (danger above 0.5 mg/L). Nitrates (NO₃) are less toxic but should stay below 50 mg/L.

What is total gas pressure (TGP) and why monitor it?

TGP measures all dissolved gases including nitrogen (78% of total), invisible to DO probes. Supersaturation (above 103%) causes gas bubble disease (GBD). It's particularly critical for hatcheries, RAS systems with oxygen injection, and well water.

Which ATEK packages do you recommend for CCAC compliance?

We offer several packages: CCAC Essential (DO + Temp + pH) for limited budgets, CCAC Complete (+ NH₃/NO₂) for standard research, CCAC Premium (+ TGP) for optimal compliance, and specialized packages for hatcheries and RAS systems.

Need Help with CCAC Fish Guidelines Compliance?

Our team of compliance experts can help you implement monitoring solutions that meet CCAC Fish Guidelines requirements. Contact us for a consultation or demo.

Customized compliance assessment for your facility

Validation documentation packages (IQ/OQ/PQ)

Expert support for audits and inspections

Speak with a Compliance Expert

Our team is available to discuss your specific CCAC Fish Guidelines compliance requirements.

compliance@atek.io

Get in Touch

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