A temperature mapping study, from plan to report.
Follow one fictional warehouse study to see how the scope, measurement locations, time series and report fit together. Use the questions to prepare your project brief; your own study needs a site-specific protocol.
Request a mapping quote1. Define the question and the approval path
In this example, a warehouse operator has changed a rack layout and wants evidence for a review of the usable storage area.
- Write the brief
- Record the changed layout, intended products, required storage conditions and decision owner. The example asks whether the proposed storage positions stay within its illustrative 15–25 °C limits under the conditions studied.
- Agree on the conditions
- The fictional study covers the normal loaded arrangement. Identify any empty study, seasonal work, door-opening test or power-loss challenge separately. Agree on duration and recording interval after reviewing the operating cycles; there is no duration that suits every site.
- Approve before execution
- The responsible personnel agree on the criteria, treatment of uncertainty, deviations, responsibilities and report format before deployment. A quote defines the service; it does not approve the protocol or authorize product storage.
2. Turn the site survey into a location register
Use the actual storage footprint and working heights, then add locations that address specific risks. The diagram below shows only three selected plan positions and five example measurement locations.
- Measure and annotate
- In the fictional area, note the receiving door, both racks, an air supply outlet, the return and the existing control sensor. Record rack loading and obstructions. A drawing needs to show where the instruments actually sit, not only the room dimensions.
- Give each location an identity
- A01 and A02 are at different heights on Rack A. B01 and B02 are on Rack B. D01 is a selected location near the door. Each record connects the location ID, coordinates or description, mounting height, logger serial number and calibration certificate.
- Justify the full deployment
- These five entries illustrate the records, not adequate coverage of a 12 × 8 × 4 m space. The actual number, horizontal spacing, vertical levels and additional risk locations need justification in the protocol from the site survey and applicable requirements.
Fictional area: 12 × 8 m, height 4 m
Three selected plan positions. A01/A02 and B01/B02 represent different heights. The other locations in a complete deployment are not shown.
Excerpt from the fictional location register
- A01 / A02
- Rack A, at 0.5 m / 3.0 m
- B01 / B02
- Rack B, at 0.5 m / 3.0 m
- D01
- Selected position near the door, at 1.5 m
3. Deploy, record and retrieve
- Check the instruments
- Match the instruments to the planned temperatures, recording interval and study length. Verify calibration evidence and logger identities, align timestamps and time zone, and record the actual placement before starting.
- Keep an operating log
- For this example, staff record receiving-door activity and changes to the loaded arrangement. Record any unplanned interruption, moved instrument or missing data as well. A planned challenge must follow the approved method; an unplanned event needs review.
- Preserve the evidence
- At retrieval, reconcile instruments with the location register and retain the original exports. Record the start and end times, any excluded stabilization period and the reasons for exclusions. Keep the raw files separate from the working analysis.
4. Review time series before summarizing
The invented summary below covers three selected locations. It deliberately includes an excursion and a missing interval so that a reassuring average cannot stand in for a review of the data.
- Check completeness first
- Confirm units, time alignment, calibration references and coverage for each location. B01 has an invented 20-minute data gap. Its available readings cannot establish what happened during that interval; record the limitation and decide whether more evidence is needed.
- Investigate the exception
- D01 reaches an invented 26.2 °C against the example’s 25 °C upper limit. The event log records a receiving-door opening near that time. This is a possible explanation to investigate, not proof of cause or permission to accept the excursion.
- Compare locations and time
- Review the full curves, the duration and recurrence of excursions, and differences between heights and positions. A01’s summary sits within the illustrative limits, but that single location cannot establish acceptance of the whole area.
D01: five invented readings, five minutes apart
09:00: 20.0 °C; 09:05: 23.2 °C; 09:10: 26.2 °C; 09:15: 24.6 °C; 09:20: 21.0 °C.
Illustrative criterion: 15–25 °C. D01’s maximum exceeds 25 °C even though its mean is 23.0 °C.
| Location | Min. (°C) | Max. (°C) | Mean (°C) | Review needed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A01 | 18.1 | 19.3 | 18.7 | Available values within illustrative limits |
| B01 | 19.4 | 22.6 | 21.0 | 20-minute data gap needs review |
| D01 | 20.0 | 26.2 | 23.0 | Upper-limit excursion needs review |
D01’s summary corresponds to the five readings above. A01 and B01 summarize other invented readings. This excerpt is not a complete report and cannot support a product disposition decision.
5. Assemble a report that can be reviewed
- Connect the report to the protocol
- State the objective, approved method and conditions actually observed. Include the location drawing and register, instrument calibration evidence, original readings, time-series plots, analysis, operating log and documented deviations in the agreed deliverables.
- Separate findings from recommendations
- The fictional findings are the D01 excursion and B01 data gap. Possible next actions include investigating door operations, reviewing storage near the door and gathering evidence for the incomplete interval. State the limits of the study instead of declaring the area compliant from a summary table.
- Route the decisions
- Assign technical review and customer approval. Your responsible personnel decide on deviation acceptance, product disposition and authorization to use storage positions. The report supports these decisions; it does not make them automatically.
6. Put the findings into operation
- Own the actions
- Record an owner and review date for each agreed action. Update controlled storage drawings or operating procedures only through your approval process. Define any repeat study or additional condition in a separate, approved plan.
- Connect to ongoing monitoring
- Use the reviewed distribution findings to assess routine sensor locations and alarm procedures. Continue monitoring and response after the study; mapping is evidence for the conditions tested, not a guarantee about future operation.
- Prepare your own project
- Send your location, dimensions, required temperature range, reason for the study and deadline. Mention the loading state, drawings and approval requirements you already have. ATEK will review availability, scope and deliverables with you.
Methodology and further reading
WHO Supplement 8 (May 2015), sections 2.2–2.5, informs the sequence of protocol, execution, data review, reporting and follow-up. It addresses storage areas for time- and temperature-sensitive pharmaceutical products and excludes small refrigerators and freezers from its scope. This original fictional example is not a WHO protocol, an ATEK case study or a compliance determination.
- WHO Supplement 8: Temperature mapping of storage areas (PDF, May 2015)
- ATEK guide to USP <1079.4>
- ATEK guide to ISPE temperature mapping
These resources inform scoping; they do not determine which requirements apply to your facility. Your quality team confirms the applicable requirements and approves the protocol.
Continue planning your study
Start with the information you have.
Tell us what needs mapping, where the site is and when you need the work. Mark unknown details as unknown. ATEK confirms service availability, scope and scheduling during review.